Home > DIMERCAPROL

Dimercaprol

This page provides concise information about the drug dimercaprol, including its indications, dosage and administration, mechanism of action, related brands with strength, warnings, and common side effects.

Background and Date of Approval

Dimercaprol received approval from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on 06/05/1946, initially during the Second World War, serving as an antidote for lewisite, an arsenic-based chemical warfare agent.

Mechanism of Action of Dimercaprol

Dimercaprol comprises specialized components called sulfhydryl groups that attach to harmful metals in your body. This prevents these metals from binding to enzymes containing similar sulfhydryl groups, which are vital substances in your body. Once attached, your body eliminates this amalgamation of metal and dimercaprol, effectively treating heavy metal poisoning.

AVAILABLE BRANDS

VIEW ALL
BAL 100mg Injection
Samarth Lifescience P Ltd ₹311.63

Uses of Dimercaprol

Dimercaprol proves to be an effective antidote for treating arsenic, gold, and mercury poisoning, along with serving as an adjunct in acute lead poisoning alongside other treatments. It is particularly beneficial for acute poisoning induced by mercury salts if administered within one or two hours of exposure. However, its efficacy is limited in cases of chronic mercury poisoning. Treatment is most successful when initiated shortly after exposure to the metal.

Dimercaprol Drug administaration and Dosage available

Dimercaprol is available as a 100mg injection for deep intramuscular use (injected deep into your muscle) by your healthcare provider. Your physician will decide the correct dosage and duration based on age, body weight, and disease condition.

Warnings, Precautions and Side Effects of Dimercaprol

Warnings

Dimercaprol is not recommended for cases of iron, cadmium, or selenium poisoning, as it may generate compounds more toxic than the metals themselves, potentially leading to kidney damage. It is also not advisable for individuals with severe liver issues, except in cases of post-arsenic jaundice. Moreover, if you have a peanut allergy, it is important to inform your doctor, as this injection contains peanut oil. Maintaining open communication with your doctor about your medical history and medications is essential to ensure the safe and proper use of dimercaprol.

Precautions

Ensuring your safety is paramount during dimercaprol treatment. If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, it’s crucial to consult your doctor before using this medication. Additionally, disclose any existing lung or liver conditions, as dimercaprol may pose risks in such cases. Refrain from alcohol consumption during treatment to avoid potential harm to your liver. If you experience dizziness, avoid driving or operating machinery. Always seek personalized guidance from your healthcare provider to ensure your well-being throughout the course of your treatment.

Side Effects

Dimercaprol, like any other medication, can induce certain side effects. Upon receiving the injection, you may notice an increase in blood pressure and a faster heartbeat. The extent of this increase is typically correlated with the administered dose. If you receive a larger dose than required, you may experience temporary symptoms, such as nausea, occasional vomiting, headaches, or a burning sensation in your lips, mouth, and throat. Should you encounter any of these symptoms, it’s important to inform your healthcare provider. They can adjust your treatment to enhance your comfort and well-being.

Word Of Advice

In the course of dimercaprol treatment for children, there is a possibility of developing a fever, which typically resolves over time. The medication is typically eliminated through bile, rendering it safe for patients with kidney disease. The duration of treatment is contingent on your response, ranging from two to seven days, emphasizing the importance of prompt initiation. If any issues arise, it is advisable to consult your doctor immediately and follow their guidance.
To protect your kidneys during dimercaprol therapy, your doctor may recommend a urinary alkalizer to maintain a balanced urine pH, preserving kidney function. Your healthcare team will monitor various factors, including blood and urine levels, symptom improvement, and potential side effects. It is crucial to diligently follow your doctor’s instructions, as they closely observe these factors to ensure the effectiveness of the treatment and the safety of your kidneys. Stay informed and maintain open communication with your healthcare provider regarding any concerns you may have.

Frequently Asked Question

Dimercaprol treats heavy metal poisoning, such as lead, arsenic, or mercury. It works by binding to these metals and helping your body eliminate them.
The purpose of using a urinary alkalinizer in dimercaprol therapy is to maintain alkaline urine throughout the treatment. This alkaline environment helps prevent the dissociation of the dimercaprol-metal complex, safeguarding the kidneys and ensuring the effectiveness of the therapy
Common side effects include pain at the injection site, fever, and, in some cases, a metallic taste in the mouth. It’s essential to report any unusual or severe symptoms to your healthcare provider.
It’s crucial to inform your healthcare provider about all the medications, supplements, or herbal products you are taking. Some medications may interact with dimercaprol, so your doctor will guide you on which ones are safe to continue.
The duration of dimercaprol treatment varies based on the type and severity of heavy metal poisoning. Your healthcare provider will determine the length of the treatment course. It’s essential to complete the prescribed treatment even if you start feeling better to ensure the effective removal of the toxic metals from your body.

References

  1. Taylor Pharmaceuticals, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), [Revised on Oct 2006] [Accessed on 11th Oct 2023]https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2007/005939s007lbl.pdf
  2. Dawn L, et al., Dimercaprol; Treasure Island (FL); National Library of Medicine; Published on 29/08/2022; Accessed on 11/10/2023; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549804/
  3. KD Tripathi, Essentials of Medical Pharmacology, Chelating agents, 8th edition, 2019, 964-965
  4. Goodman & Gilman’s, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, Environmental Toxicology: Carcinogens and Heavy Metals, 2018, 131

Disclaimer

The drug information on this page is not a substitute for medical advice. It is meant for educational purposes only. For further details, consult your doctor about your medical condition to know if you are eligible to receive this treatment.