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Calcitonin
This page contains brief details about the drug calcitonin, it’s indication, dosage & administaration, mechanism of action, related brands with strength, warnings and common side effects.
Background and Date of Approval
Calcitonin received initial FDA approval for medical use on September 1, 1970. Since then, it has been used in various formulations to treat conditions like osteoporosis and hypercalcemia.
Mechanism of Action of Calcitonin
The mechanism of action of calcitonin involves inhibiting bone resorption, reducing calcium release from bones, and increasing calcium excretion by the kidneys, resulting in lowered blood calcium levels.
Uses of Calcitonin
Calcitonin is used to treat osteoporosis, Paget’s disease of bone, hypercalcemia, and bone pain in cancer patients.
Calcitonin Drug administaration and Dosage available
The usage of calcitonin medication depends on its formulation, which can be injectable, nasal spray, or oral form (tablet). When using the injectable form, it is usually administered subcutaneously or intramuscularly. The nasal spray is administered into one nostril, alternating nostrils daily, and it’s essential to follow the specific instructions provided with the product. For oral use, this medication is used in tablet form; it is typically taken with water on an empty stomach or as directed by the healthcare provider. The dosage and frequency of administration vary depending on the medical condition being treated, and it is crucial to adhere to the prescribed regimen.
Warnings, Precautions and Side Effects of Abciximab
Warnings
The use of calcitonin as a medication comes with certain warnings. Patients with known hypersensitivity should avoid its use. This medication can lower blood calcium levels, which may lead to symptoms like muscle cramps, tingling, and numbness in fingers or toes. It may exacerbate respiratory conditions in some individuals, particularly those with a history of asthma or COPD. Long-term use may be associated with the development of tumor-induced osteomalacia and osteosarcoma. This medication can influence thyroid function tests, leading to transient increases in serum thyroglobulin levels.
Precautions
Regular monitoring of blood calcium is required during treatment. Liver impairment may necessitate dosage adjustments, and caution is advised in patients with certain malignancies. Pregnant and breastfeeding individuals should use this medication with caution due to limited safety data. The use of this medication in patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma or other tumors that produce calcitonin should be carefully evaluated and may not be appropriate. It’s important to inform healthcare providers of all medications being taken to avoid potential interactions. If you are undergoing thyroid function testing, inform your healthcare provider that you are taking calcitonin to avoid misinterpreting test results.
Side Effects
Calcitonin medication can cause several side effects. Common side effects may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, flushing of the face or skin, and injection site reactions (for injectable formulations). Nasal spray may also lead to nasal irritation or dryness. Less common but serious side effects can include severe allergic reactions, gastrointestinal bleeding, and potential development of tumor-induced osteomalacia or osteosarcoma with long-term use.
Word Of Advice
Patients with a history of hypersensitivity reactions to calcitonin or its components should avoid its use. Caution is necessary for individuals with existing hypocalcemia or conditions that may predispose them to low calcium levels, as this medication can further lower blood calcium levels. Liver impairment may require dosage adjustments, and patients with certain malignancies should be carefully evaluated before using it. Its safety during pregnancy and breastfeeding has not been extensively studied, so caution is advised. Long-term use may be associated with developing tumor-induced osteomalacia and osteosarcoma (type of bone cancer) in rare cases. Regular monitoring and follow-up with healthcare providers are essential to ensure safe and effective use of this medication.
Frequently Asked Question
Common side effects of calcitonin may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, flushing of the face or skin, injection site reactions (for injectable formulations), and nasal irritation or dryness (for nasal spray).
The duration of calcitonin use depends on the specific medical condition being treated and the healthcare provider’s recommendation. In some cases, it is intended for short-term use only. Long-term use, especially for osteoporosis, may not be recommended due to concerns about its effectiveness and safety.
The safety and effectiveness of calcitonin in pediatric patients have not been well-established, and healthcare providers should carefully consider its use in children and adolescents. Elderly patients may be more susceptible to side effects, especially gastrointestinal disturbances, and dose adjustments may be necessary.
While calcitonin has been used to manage bone pain in some cancer patients, its role in chronic pain management is limited, and other treatments may be more effective and preferred.
If you miss a dose of calcitonin, follow the specific dosing instructions provided by your healthcare provider or the medication’s packaging. Do not double the dose to catch up. If you are unsure what to do, contact your healthcare provider or pharmacist for guidance.
Disclaimer
The drug information on this page is different from medical advice. It is meant for educational purposes only. For further details, consult your doctor about your medical condition to know if you can receive this treatment.