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ANTITHYMOCYTE IMMUNOGLOBULINS
This page contains brief details about the drug antithymocyte immunoglobulins, it’s indication, dosage & administaration, mechanism of action, related brands with strength, warnings and common side effects.
Background and Date of Approval
Antithymocyte Immunoglobulins contain the active ingredient Antithymocyte immunoglobulins. It is a purified and sterile form of gamma globulin. It is isolated from the hyperimmune plasma of horses immunized with human white blood cell components. It is used after kidney transplantation and other therapies to treat and delay organ rejection. After solid organ transplantation, the body generates an aggressive immune response because it recognizes the transplanted organ’s antigens as a foreign antigens. Thus, treatment with immunosuppressive agents is necessary after an organ transplant to prevent organ rejection. Antithymocyte immunoglobulin received initial FDA approval on November 16, 1998.
AVAILABLE BRANDS
ANTITHYMOCYTE IMMUNOGLOBULINS
Mechanism of Action of Antithymocyte Immunoglobulins
Antithymocyte immunoglobulins exert their therapeutic benefit by selectively targeting and reducing T lymphocytes, thereby suppressing the immune response. This mechanism proves invaluable in thwarting organ rejection following solid organ transplantation, ultimately enhancing transplant success and bolstering graft survival rates.
Moreover, they find application in managing ailments like aplastic anemia and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), characterized by immune system attacks on the body’s cells or tissues. By regulating the immune response, these agents mitigate immune-mediated harm, alleviate symptoms, and facilitate the restoration of normal cell production.
Uses of Antithymocyte Immunoglobulins
Antithymocyte immunoglobulin tablets serve various purposes, encompassing the prevention of organ rejection in transplantation, treatment of aplastic anemia, management of kidney rejection in renal allograft recipients, addressing autoimmune hemolytic anemia, and managing myasthenia gravis, a neuromuscular disorder.
Antithymocyte Immunoglobulins Drug administaration and Dosage available
Antithymocyte immunoglobulins are commonly administered via intravenous injection in a hospital or clinical environment. Your healthcare provider will tailor the dosage and infusion rate according to factors such as the condition being treated, your body weight, and your response to the medication.
Warnings, Precautions and Side Effects of Antithymocyte Immunoglobulins
Warnings
Antithymocyte immunoglobulins carry several significant warnings regarding their usage. These include the potential for serious hypersensitivity reactions, such as anaphylaxis, which necessitate immediate medical attention. The medication heightens the risk of infections due to its immunosuppressive effects and may lead to hepatotoxicity, drug-induced liver injury, and renal dysfunction. Infusion-related reactions, like fever and chills, may occur during administration. Additionally, it could result in blood disorders such as anemia and thrombocytopenia (a decrease in white blood cells). Other cautions involve the possibility of neurological complications, increased malignancy risk, cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation, and considerations regarding its use during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Precautions
It is essential to take precautions to reduce the risk of CMV reactivation, and careful consideration of the potential risks and benefits of using antithymocyte immunoglobulins during pregnancy and breastfeeding is advised. It is crucial to adhere to the guidance provided by healthcare professionals and seek personalized monitoring and management advice from them.
Side Effects
Antithymocyte immunoglobulins are typically administered via intravenous injection in a hospital or clinical setting. The specific dosage and infusion rate will be determined by your healthcare provider, taking into account factors such as the condition being treated, your body weight, and your response to the medication.
Word Of Advice
Always consult a qualified healthcare professional regarding antithymocyte immunoglobulins or any other medication. Close infection surveillance is essential due to the increased risk associated with immunosuppression. Monitoring liver function, kidney function, and blood counts is advised to detect potential hepatotoxicity, drug-induced liver injury, renal dysfunction, or blood disorders. Infusion-related reactions should be anticipated and managed appropriately. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should consult a doctor before taking it. Pediatric and geriatric patients require special consideration. Psychological effects should be monitored, and close consultation with healthcare professionals is necessary to ensure safe and effective use of it. Open communication and collaboration with your healthcare team are key to ensuring the safest and most effective medication use.
Frequently Asked Question
It is important to follow proper hygiene practices to reduce the risk of infections, such as frequent handwashing and avoiding close contact with contagious individuals. Inform your healthcare provider about any signs of infection, such as fever, cough, or sore throat, for prompt evaluation and appropriate treatment.
While Antithymocyte Immunoglobulins can potentially cause kidney or liver dysfunction, the risk of long-term damage is generally low. However, regular kidney and liver function monitoring is important during the treatment to detect any early signs of impairment. Report any significant changes in urinary output or jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes) to your healthcare provider.
Infusion-related reactions, such as fever and chills, can occur during Antithymocyte Immunoglobulins administration. Slowing the infusion rate, pre-medicating with antihistamines or corticosteroids, or using other supportive measures as your healthcare provider recommends can help minimize these reactions.
Prolonged use of immunosuppressive agents, including Antithymocyte Immunoglobulins, may be associated with a slightly increased risk of developing certain malignancies. However, the overall risk is generally low. As your healthcare provider recommends, regular monitoring and screening for malignancies can help detect potential issues early.
While CMV reactivation is a known risk with Antithymocyte Immunoglobulins therapy, there may also be an increased susceptibility to other viral infections. It is important to discuss any specific concerns or symptoms with your healthcare provider, who can evaluate the risk and provide appropriate guidance.
Disclaimer
The drug information on this page is different from medical advice. It is meant for educational purposes only. For further details, consult your doctor about your medical condition to know if you can receive this treatment.